Thursday, September 8, 2016
Sunday, April 3, 2016
12:52 AM
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α្αែααូα αាα្αែααួαα្α៉ាαααα់ααុα្ααំαោះα្ααុំ α¬ααុα្αα
ំαាα់αα្αុα-α្αី αូαាំααα្αុααα្α αេαែααេααៅαេαាαα់αែα្αឺ α្αុαααូαα
ូαα្αាំα្αី (αែα
េα្α-αិαាα) ។ αេα
ែαα្αាαា α’ αួα α្αុααួααួα ,α្αីαួααួα ។ α្αុααួααួαααាαα្αាα
ំαួααី α‘α αាα់ α¬ α’α αាα់α‘ើααៅ ααα្αៀααាαីααួα αα់αុαα្αា α្αាααីα្αាα្ααាααា α¨ α¬ α‘α α៉ែα្α ។ αេααα្ααាα¬αα្αែαααα្αូαα²្ααូα α
ααឹαα²្ααឹααែαα្α’ αុαα²្ααាααα្αុααα្αិα
α ៅαា αូα αα្αាα់αាα់αោះα¬α
ោααៅααααα្αា ។ ααα្ααាαααα់α’្αααេααូα
αូααាααេះ ៖
αូααាααីααែα ៖
α‘. αូαα
្αៀααាំ
α’. αូααោះα្αុំ
α‘. αូαα
្αៀααាំ αុααំαូααួααាαα្αុααោះαូααៅα²្ααួααាαα្αី αួααាαα្αីα្αុαα
ាα់αុំα²្αα្αាα់αα់αី αើα្αាα់αα់αីαេα
ាα់αាα្α’ុα α ើααេα
ាα់α្αើααោះαៅα²្ααាαα្αុααិα αួααាαα្αុαα្αុαα
ាα់αុំα²្αα្αាα់αα់αី ។ αាαα
ាα់αាαα ើα α
ោααំαៅαៅαួααាαα្αី αឺαំαៅαាααាαែαα្αួαα្α័α្α αើα
ោααុααេα
ាα់αាα្α’ុα αួα
αេα
ាα់α្αើααោះαាα្αីαៀα αើα
ោαα្αូαα្αីαាα ើα α្αីαោះα
្αៀααាំαααូααៅαូααាαα្αុα α ៅαា α
្αៀααាំαូααូα ។ ααៀαα
្αៀααាំαោះ α្αាα់αាα់αូααាំαុα α្αាα់αៃααេαាំαាαα្αោα α ើαα
្αៀααាαំαុααា α្α’ូαα
ាα់αូααាα αូααែααាαួα α្ααឹαα្αុαα្αួα ααួααូααៅ ។ αួαα្αីαα្αៅαីαោះ α្αα់α្αាααួααាα²្ααាαែα αែααីα’ា α±αាαែαα’ឺα α’ឺα’ឺαα’ឺα! αួα
α ើαα ុα
αូααោះαៅα²្αα្αុαα ααួαααα ើαα៏α្αើααោះ αូααោះαៅα²្ααួααាαα្αីα
ាα់αិα ។
αើαួαα្αីα
ាα់αូααាαα៏α
ោααំαៅαៅαួαα្αុα αើα
ោαα្αូαα្αុααា α្αុααោះα្αូααាំαាំαូααៅαូααាαα្αី αោαα
្αៀααាαំαុααា ααα
ាα់αូααាα αααីα្ααα α្ααឹααាααα ααួααូααៅ ។ αួαα្αុααα្αα់α្αាααួααα្αααា α²្ααាαែα αែααីα’ា α±αាαែαα’ឺα α’ឺα’ឺαα’ឺα! α ើαα៏α ុα
αូααោះαៅα²្ααួαα្αីα ααួααα αើαα្αើααោះααៅαៀα ។
α’. αូααោះα្αុំ αើααំαូα αាαα្αុααេα្αើαα
្αៀα α‘ αំαុααាαុα ។ α―αំαុαα
្αៀααូααាαα
្αើααែα α្αែαααៅαាαα្αាα្αាααα់α’្αααាំα
្αៀααៅαាαα្αុα ។ αីαេះα្αα់αααែαំαុααα្ααា αែαα’្αααេααូαα្αα់α្αុααេαែαα
្αៀαα្αα់α្αាαា៖ αααោះαូααៅ α’ូαα’ើα αំαα់α
ុααូα(α្αួα) α្ααុំααα
្αូα α’ូαα’ើαααួααូααα α¬αា αααោះαូααៅ αូααែααាαួα α្αីαាαាαα្αួα ααួααូααα៘ α
្αៀαα ើααេα្αែαα្αាα់αា αូαα’ើα αូα! α ើαα’្ααα្αើααំαុαα៏αោះαូααៅαើαួαα្αីαα²្ααួαα្αីαα
ាα់ ។ αាαα្αីα
ាα់αូααាα αេα
ោααំαៅαៅααα្αុααាαែαα្αូαα
ិα្α αើα
ោααៅα្αូαα្αុααា αេαៅα
ាα់ααα្αុααោះαααុααាααួααេ ។ αើα
ោααិαα្αូααេ αាαα្αុααេα
ាα់αូααោះ α
ោααំαៅααααα្αីαាαែααេα្α័α្α αើαាαα្αុαα
ោαααα្αូααាαα្αីα ើα α្αុαα្αាα់αែαα្αីα
ាα់αααៅαុααុααោះ α្αូααាααួα
α្αួα αើα្αុαα
ោααិαα្αូαα្αីαិααេ α្αុαα្αាα់αោះα្αូααៅαាαα្αីααែα ។ αើαាααាα៉ុαα្ααα់αេα
ោααααាαα្αាααាα់αែα’α់ ។ αាααាα’α់α្αាα ើααេα្αើααេααាααាα្αី αោαα²្ααាαα្αីαោះαូα αៅα²្ααាαα្αុααុααិα ។ αុααឹαα្αីαα
ោααូααៅα²្αα្αុα αេα្αែαα
្αៀααា α’ូααោះαូααៅ ααα’ើα αំαα់α
ុαα្αា α្αុαααα្αៀαα្αា ααα’ើα ααួααូαα’ូα ៘ α
្αៀαα ើααេα្αែααា αូαα’ើα αូα! α ើααេαោះαូααៅαើαួαα្αុαα ។
α―αាαα្αុα αើαេα
ាα់αូααាαα្αីαាαα ើα αេα
ោααូααោះαំαៅαៅα្αីα αាααើα្αូαα្αីαាα្αាα់ αេα
ាα់ααα្αីαោះαααុααាααេ ។ αើαាααាα’α់ααុα្α αេα
ែαα្αាαេααាααាα្αី ។
ααុα្ααែααេα
ាα់αាααោះ αួααាααេα
ααុαα²្ααិα αែαα²្ααα់αៅαាα់αីα្αេαα αាαាααំαាα្ααα្αាα ។
ααៀααេααែααី α’ αេះ αួααាαα’្αααេα αេα
្αូααាα់αិααាα
់α
្αៀα α្αាα់αែα
ោααែα្ααα៏αាα ។
α្αែααេះ αាα់α
ូαα្αុααួααាαα ាα់α្αែαα²្αα៉ៃ α ាα់αៃα²្αα្αα់αααាαាααំαាα្ααα្αាα αោααាααាααាំα
្αៀααាααាαួααα ៕
- 12:09 AM
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α្αែαα’α្αα់ αេα²្αα្αោះαាααα្αុαែααេαααααេα αឺα្αែα’α្αα់ αែαα្αៀαα្αួα ។ α្αែααេះ αេαេααាααាំαα្αុααាំαα្αី αាំαα ាα់αាំαα្αេα αៅαេαាα្αៃ α¬αេαាαα់αែα្αឺ αាααូαα ូαα្αាំ ។
ααα្ααាαααα់α’្αααេα αូα
αូα
αាααេះ:
α្αែαα’α្αα់ αេαេααាααាំααីα្αា α’ αាα់α‘ើααៅαα់ α‘α αាα់ αោαα
ែαα
េααាαីαួααាαα
ំαួαα្αើα្αា αែααាαα្αីα្αាαα្αុαα្αាαα៏αាα α
α្αុះα្αាαាំααααាαα៏αាα ។ α’α្αα់αែααេαααααេααេះ α²្αα្αោះαា ‹αោα› α
ែαα
េααាαីαα្αែααែα αេα ៅαា αោααាំαួααួα αោααោះαួααួα ។ αើααួααួαααាαα
ំαួα α£ α¬ α
ំαួα α₯ αឺαាαើαាំαោα α£ α៏αោះαោα α£ ,αើαាំαោα α₯ α៏αោះαោα α₯ αាαα
ំαួαα’្αααេααាααិα
α¬α
្αើα ។ αែαα ៅαា αោααាំ αឺαេαាំα្αាα់αៅαឹααី αាααួααែααα្αែαα
េααីαោααα្αាααួα αែαα ៅαា ‹αេα្αោα α¬αα្αោα› α‘ α¬ α’ αាαα្αាំ α‘ α¬ α’ αាαα្αេα αាααα្αាααូα
α្α’ែααឹαα ើα αែαα²្ααេα្αα់αួααាំαុα α ើαα្α’ែααឹαα ្αូααែαα្αាαាαួααα្αៀααα្αាαីα្αោα ។ αីα―αោααោះ αឺαោααាំαα‘ាααែααេαាα់αααៅαី α ើααោះα្αី α្αើα’្αីα្αα់αែααៀαα្αី αα្αាα់αំαំαោα αាំαាំαα៉ុα្αាααោះ ។ α្αα់αα្αៅαូα
ααែαα្αៀααី αααα្αែααាំαើαα²្ααាα់αោះ αេα ៅαា ‹αα្α α¬αα្ααោα› ។ αេαំαα់αα្αែααួααីαុααោααាំα្ααាααា α£ α¬ α€ α៉ែα្α αα្ααα ៅαា ‹αី› αឺαាαីαែααេα្αូααោះ α¬αៅα្αើα’្αីαួα αីα្αឹααោះαα្αα់αααោααាំαិα ។ α’្αααែαα្αូαα‘ើααុααឺαាααៅαោះαីαីαុααេαោះ αα្αេα
αើαាαα្ααα្αៀαα្αា,αាαα្ααា αេα
្αើααែα’αុα្αាαα²្ααួαα’្ααα្αោααាααាααិα្αិαៅαោះαុααេ αុααូα
αាααីα²្ααែα α―αាαα
ាα់α្αះα៊ីααα្αα់αααាα្αើα្αូααោααាំα
α់αα្αα្αα់αុααេ αឺα្αα់αែαα្αα់α្αាα់ αែαααៀααេαα’α្αα់αα្αូαα²្ααាំαα៉ុα្αាα ។ α៉ុα្αែαេα
្αើααα្ααα្αាαα្αែαα²្αα’្ααα
ាα់α្αើ α£ α¬ α€ α្αាααិα α ៅαា ‹αាα› αូα
្αេះαាααាαុααឹααេα αេαα្ααα្αាαា αាαα៉ុα្αាαα្αាα? αើαេαα្αេα
α្αាαា α៉ុα្αាαααα់αីαំαុαα្αូααែ ‹αាα› α៉ុα្αោះα្αាααិα ។ αើαុααំαα់α ើα αៅαែαិααាαα្αើ α្αូαα’α់αៀααោះαើααុααាα
ាα់ α ើααួααាαα្αះ α្αូααោះαួααាαα
ាα់αាαα
ំαួααែααេαα្αាα្αា α§ααាααា αេαα្αាαា αោααួααោះ α‘α αូα
្αេះαααាαាα់αោααោះαួα αើα្αះα្αូααាααោះαេ α‘α αែαើα
ាα់α៏α្αូααេαោះ α‘α αែα ។
α្αែααេះαាααα្ααα្ααឹαα៉ឹααាα់ αើα្αើαុααααិα័ααាαួααឹαα្αូαααួααិα័αα្αាααួααំαេα ។ αα្ααα្ααាំααេះ αើααិαααិαាαααៀααេααាαα្αោααេះ ។
< α្αែαα’α្αα់α ែαα េαα ្αើααាα់α្αាα់αាαα្αាα់ααាα៖
α‘- αោះ (αាα់αោះαααីαី αα្αα់αោααាំ)
α’- α៊ីαោα (αាα់αោαα្αាααៃαាα់αើα្αាααα្αα់)
α£- α៊ីα៉ាα៉េα (αាα់αោαα្αាααៃαាα់α្αាα់αឹααី)
α€- α្ααα (α្ααៀαα’α្αα់αααីαី)
α₯- α ាα់α្αែα (αាα់α’α្αα់αើα្αααើααើααីαំα ាα)
α¦- αោះαោះ (αោះαα្αេα αាα ុαα្αោααំαុα)
ααៀααេαα្αុααα្αាα់αីαួαααាααូα ααៅ
α្αាα់αីαួα αោះ= αួαα’្αααែαα្αូαα‘ើααៅαោះ αេαោះαα្αα់αៅαោααែααាំαាαួα,αាααោះαៅα្αូααោααាំαោះα ើα αោααោះα៏α្αេα α េααីαα្ααៅ αោααោះα៏αៅα្αុααα្ααោααាំ, α ើαα’្αααាំαះαោααោះαោះαα្αα់αែααៀα α៉ាααេះαេα ៅαា ‹α្α’ុα› ។ αើαោះα្αូααោααាαួαα ើα αើαោះαោααួαα្αោα αៅα្αូααើαααែααៀααេα ៅαា ‹α៉ាα› ។ αើα’្αααោះα្αα្αឹα្ααុααិα័ααាំααេះα ើα α្αូαα’្αααាំαៅαោះ α’្αααោះαααាំαិαα្αα ។ αាααាαោះαៅα្αូααោααែααាំαួααាំαα’α់αួα α ើα α’្αααោះα្αូαα ាα់αα្αα្αើα៊ីαោαααៅαៀα ។
α្αាα់αី α’ α៊ីαោα= αាααើαោះα្αូαα’α់α ើααេαααោαααα់αេαែααំαៅαៅ ‹αី› α ើαα’α្αុαα ្αα ោααុαα្αាααα្αα់α្αាααៅαុααα្αិα αααោααាα់αើα្αាααα្αα់αោះ αាα់αោααោααេαៃα¬α α្α’ុααៃ αα្αα់αៅαើααាំαាαួα ។ αើαោαα្αាα់αៅαោះ α្αាα់αិααោααាំαេαα្ααាααាαួαα ំα’ាα α¬αα្αះα ំα’ាααោះ, α’្ααα៊ីαោααេαួαα’្αααាំαា ‹α័αα¬αាα់?› αើα’្αααាំα្αើααា ‹α័α› α’្ααα៊ីαោαα្αូαα៉ាα់αាα ំα’ាααោααααេαៃαាα់αើαើαααα់α្αួαα α្α’ុααៃα័ααោααាំα²្ααួααែα្αα ។ αើα’្αααាំα្αើααា ‹αាα់› α’្ααα៊ីαោααេαើααោαααα់αេαα់αៅαោααាំαោះα²្ααួααែα្αα ។ αូα αេះαោααែαα៊ីαោαα្αាα់αិααេααោះ αេα²្αα្αោះαា ‹α័α-αាα់› ។ αើαោααែαα៊ីαោααៅα ើαα្αាα់α្αាααីαោααាំαាααួαα ំα’ាααោះ α’្ααα៊ីαោαα្αូααុααα្αα់ α ើααααើααោះ αααាα់αើα្αាααα្αα់α្αាα់αα្αα់αៅαោααាំαα្ααៅα្αααៀα αាα់αែα’α់αើαααα់α្αួα ។ αើαោαα៊ីαោααោះαα់αៅα៉ះαូα αាαើαα៊ីαោααៅαុαα្αាα់α្αα់αα្αែααាαួα α ើααើααៅα្αោααα់αៅα៉ះαោααុααោះ αα់αេαα’្αααាα់αេααៅαាα់α្αααៀααោះ α’្αααាំαេα្αូααិα័ααូα ្αេះ αឺαោααុααេα²្αα្αាα់αោαα្ααៀαα្αែαα្αាα αឺα²្αα្αេα α្αែαα្αាα α―αោαα្αោααេα²្αα្αាα់αោαα្αាα់α្αែα αឺα²្αα្αេα α្αែααាំααααាα ។ αូα ្αេះαើααេα²្αα្αោះ αើα α’ αេះαា αោαα្αាα់ αិαα្ααៀααាααα្ααα្ααែααេαិα័α α៊ីαោααូα αាααៀααាα់αααេះα្αូααោααាំαួαα’α់α ើα αេα្αូαα្αើα៊ីα៉ាα៉េαααៅαៀα ។
α្αាα់αី α£ α៊ីα៉ាα៉េα= αួαα’្ααα៊ីαោααោះ αាααាαα្αើα៊ីαោααួα α ើααេαាំα្αា αααោααៅαាα់α្αាα់αឹααី α ើααាα់αោαα្αាααាំαួαα្ααα αα្αα់αៅαααោααាំ αα ូααα់α’α់αើα αាααិα័ααាα α័α αាα់ α្ααៀα α្αាα់ ααៀααូα α៊ីαោααែα αុαα្αាα្αα់α៊ីαោααេα្αើαើα្αាααα្αα់ , α ំαែαα៊ីα៉ាα៉េα αាα់αោαα្αាα់αឹααីαែα៉ុα្αោះ ។ αុះα្αើα៊ីα៉ាα៉េααួα α ើααេα្αើα្αααααៅαៀα ។
α្αាα់αី α€ α្ααα α¬ α្αα‘ααα= α្αោααែαα្αើα៊ីα៉ាα៉េαα្αូαα’α់α ើα αេα ាα់α្αើαα្ααៅαៀα αឺα្ααα ។ α្ααααេះ αឺαេα្ααៀααោα (α្αាα់α’α្αα់) α²្αααៀααូα αααα់ α េαុαេះαាααាαេα ៅαា ‹α្αααα¬α្αα‘ααα› ។ α្ααααាααីααែα,αេαααែααាαួααααេα α៏αាααាααែαេαាα់α្αា α ៅαា α្ααααα់ αិαα្ααααា ។ α្ααααα់,αឺαេα្ααៀααោααៅα ើαα្αូααα់αាααៅαααៃα្αα់α²្ααាα់ αុααោααោះαួα α ើααិαα²្αα ួααេα្αោααα αែαើαα់αិααាα់ αα្αោαα²្ααោααួαα្αៀαα្αួααា α¬αα់αែααែαិααាααααៃα្αα់α²្ααិαα្α’ αើαោααោះαេ αោះαេαុααាα្α’ុααិααាααាα, αួααាαα្αាαα្αូαα‘ើαα្αើα្αα ។ αើαើααោះ αα់αឿααេααៅα ួααេα្αោαα¬αួαα៏αα្αិα αួααោααាំαាαួα α៏αុααាα្α’ុαα្αូααេ ‹α‘ើα› αែα ។ α―α្ααααាαិα αុំαិαាααα់αាαα្αα់αេ αែα្αូααាααិα័ααិαα²្αα ួααេα្αោα αិααα្αិα αោααាំα‘ើα ។ ααៀαα្ααα α៏αូα αា α៊ីαោα α¬ α៊ីα៉ាα៉េααែα αឺα្αើαាααីαំαាα់ αឺα្ααααីαីαៅαα់α្αα់αាα ើα α’ាα αាααៅαាα់αα់α្αាααៃα្αាα់αឹααីαα្αα់αៅαោααាំα្αααៀα α្ααិααាαាααះαួααោααាំα្αααីαα¬ αី, α៉ាα,αីαើαិααួα αោααាំαោះ α្αាα់αែαα្αើα៏α្αូαααួααααិα័ααូα αុαααែα ។
α្αាα់αី α₯ α ាα់α្α ែα= α ាα់α្α ែααាαααៀαα្αែααីαុαα αឺαេαាααួααំα ាααំαិααីαី αួα ααα’α្αα់αាα់αើα្αααើα α ើααាααីααំα ាααៅαុααៀα αើαααាα់α ុααើα α្ααាα់α្αាα់α’α្αα់αៅα²្αα្αូααោααាំ ។ αាααាαិαα្αូαα៏α្α’ុααោααោះαោះ α ោααៅ αាααាα្αូαα’ាα αααោαααែααោះααα្αើαាααាα្αីαាαα្αααៀα ។ α្ααិααាαាα់αោαα្αααើα α ើααាααុំαាα់αα់αោααាំα្αាα់αែα្αុះαោααៅ αោះαេαុααាαាα់ααៀαα’α្αាα αឺαេα²្ααααៅα្αើα្αααៀααែα²្αα’្αααោះ αើααα‘ើααើαៀαα’α្αាα αិαα²្ααើααៅαោααាំαេ αឺαា α្αើα្ααុαααាαα្αាα ។ α ាα់α្α ែα α₯αα្αើαីαំαាα់αើαាααៅα្αាα់αាααៅαិααោα αាំαូα α្ααα α៊ីαោα-α៊ីα៉ាα៉េααេ αេα្αើααα្αូααីαីαែα្αα ។ αាααើαាααះ ,αាα,αα់ αេαិα័ααូα α្αើα’្αីααីαុααααែα ។
α្αាα់αី α¦ αោះαោះ = αោះαោះα៏αូα αាαោះαីαំαូααែα αិα័αα្αα់αែαα្αα់α៉ាααូα α្αាαាំαα’α់αុα្ααាα ។ αិααៅαោះαួααេះ α ាα់αូα αាα្αាα់αែαាαិα្αាαាααួααα្αាα់αα់α ាំαួααាααឺααាα α²្ααាαα±αាααេααាααែα៉ុα្αោះ ។ αាααាα ៅαា αោះαោះα្αោះαα្αាα់αែαីαោះαេះαៅ α្αូααាααោះα ើα (α្αាα់αែαα់α ាំα²្ααេαាαα៉ុα្αាαα្αាα αែααាααα្αα់αែα៉ុα្αោះ) ។
ααៀααោះ αឺαេααα’α្αα់αួαα្αាα់αៅαα់α្αាααα្αα់ α ើαααα’α្αα់αួααៀααាααួααីαើ αាα់α ំαួααាααែααេα្αូααួα ។ α្αើαែααេះα ៅαា ‹αោះαាαα្ααាα់› ។ αួααែααៀαα ៅαា ‹αោះαាαα្αៅ› ααៀααេះαេα្αុំα’α្αα់αីααα្αួαα្αា αឺαួαα្αេα αួααα្αα α ើααោះα្αាំαααៅαើα្αាααα្αα់αួααα‘ើαα្αα ααាα ់ αំαាំαែα’α់α ំαួα α£α -α€α αឹααែα ើαα្αាααα្αα់αែα្αα αួααាα αេαααំαα់α«α្αីαααោαα្αាααα្αα់α្αើαាαោះαំαួαα្αាα់α’α្αα់α៏αាα ។
α―α្αោះαិα័ααែαα្αើα្αុαα្αែαα’α្αα់αេះαាα α© αែα៖
α‘- α្α’ុα (αឺα្αើαុααុααោααេះ αាα’ាαាααα់)
α’- αាα (α្αូαα្ααα ើα α្αូαααែαα្αααៀα)
α£- αះ (αោααោះαួα α្αូααោααាំα្αααីα)
α€- αីαើ (αោααោះαα់α៉ះαោααាំα²្ααα្αើαិααួα)
α₯- α្ααៀα -α្αាα់ (α្αោះαើααោះαα្αិα α្αា)
α¦- α័α-αាα់ (αោααោះαិααោααាំαេα)
α§- αាα់ααៀαα’α្αាα (α ាα់α្αាαα្αាα់αើααα្αាααី)
α¨- αα់αះ (αោααាំα្αេα α េα αោααោះαៅα្αុααα្ααាំ)
α©- α ួααេαំαូα (αα្αាα់α្ααααុំα²្αα ួααេα្αោα)
ααិα័ααើαំα ុααាំαα’α់αេះαិααាαាαα្αα់αិαាαα៉ុα្αាααេ αាααំα ុαα្αះαេα្αាα់αែ ‹α‘ើα› αឺαេαុαα្αាααេះαាα’ាαាαα់ α្αូαα្αេαα²្ααួαα្αាααៀαα‘ើααៅα្αើα្αααូα α៉ាα α៉ាα αះ αα់αះ αាαើα α៉ុα្αែαោះαាα្αូα ‹α‘ើα› α្αី α៏αើαα្αោααេα’αុα្αាαα²្ααួααេះ αុααាα្αើα្αូααាំαα’α់αេះαែα ។ α―αααិα័αα្αេααៀαα៏α្αាα់αែαាα់αα្ααα្α α²្ααំαាαα្αុααាαα្αើαែα៉ុα្αោះ αុំαាα់α ាα់αុαα²្ααោααោះα្α’ុαα្αាαααេ ។ αូα ្αេះαααិα័αα្αាα់αែα²្ααាααα្αាααាααូααα្αិα α៉ុα្αោះα―α ។ααិα័ααើαំα ុααាំαα’α់αេះαិααាαាαα្αα់αិαាαα៉ុα្αាααេ αាααំα ុαα្αះαេα្αាα់αែ ‹α‘ើα› αឺαេαុαα្αាααេះαាα’ាαាαα់ α្αូαα្αេαα²្ααួαα្αាααៀαα‘ើααៅα្αើα្αααូα α៉ាα α៉ាα αះ αα់αះ αាαើα α៉ុα្αែαោះαាα្αូα ‹α‘ើα› α្αី α៏αើαα្αោααេα’αុα្αាαα²្ααួααេះ αុααាα្αើα្αូααាំαα’α់αេះαែα ។ α―αααិα័αα្αេααៀαα៏α្αាα់αែαាα់αα្ααα្α α²្ααំαាαα្αុααាαα្αើαែα៉ុα្αោះ αុំαាα់α ាα់αុαα²្ααោααោះα្α’ុαα្αាαααេ ។ αូα ្αេះαααិα័αα្αាα់αែα²្ααាααα្αាααាααូααα្αិα α៉ុα្αោះα―α ។
αេα α្αីαα្αាα់:
α្αាα់α’α្αα់αូα α្αាαេះ αេα’ាα αααៅαេααាα្αែααួααៀαα ៅαា ‹αេααេα› ។ αឺαា αេαααោααាំα្αាំαែα αាំαα្α ែαាαួααួα α ើααាααូααីαួα αាαα្αែααα្αα αាα់αោααោះ α₯ αែα αែαាα់α្αាα់αិααី αេαααើααៀααឺαើαα្αេαααα្αៀα αូααៅαុα,αើαα្αាំααααα្αោαα ុα αែαα²្ααាα់αៅαឹααី α ើαα ុαα្αាαα្αើαα៉ាαα្αាំα α²្ααោααα់αៅα្αូααោααាំα្αααួαα αាα់αែα’α់ αើαោααាαិααាαα្αូααោααាំαេ αេαុααាα្α’ុα αែαើαាαα្αូααេα²្αα្αα‘α់αααααេα (α្αើαα ុαα្αាααើα) αាαα្αααៀα ។ αួααាααាα្αើα្αូαα’α់αុα α្αោះαា α្αះ α’ាα αួαα’្ααα ាα់αាα ។
ααៀααេαα្αាα់α’α្αα់αួαα៉ាααៀααេα ៅαា ‹αាα់αα› αឺαាαα’្αααេααីααួα ។ αួαα្αាαααាααោα α‘α αៀαα្αួααឺαα្αាα់αាំ α₯ αាα់ α₯ ។ αេαាំαួααα្αៀαα្αាα្αាαα្αាα់ α ើα αααោααាα់ αាα់αៅαាααួααααα្αα្ααα្αាα់ αាααាαាα់αំαំααα់αួαα្αាααេα’α់αុαα្αោះαា α្αះ αាααោះαេ α―αាα់αោះ αឺαααα់α្αាααα្αα់α្αាααាα់α ោααើα្αាααα្αα់αាα់αឹαα្αាααៃ αα្αα់αៅαោααាំαែα្αα ។
< α្αែαα’α្αα់α’ាα α៉ាα់α ូαα្αុααួααីα‘ា α ាα់αៃα²្αα្αα់ α ាα់α្αែαα²្ααៃ α ាα់α្αាααីα²្ααូα ៕
α្αែααេះαាααα្ααα្ααឹαα៉ឹααាα់ αើα្αើαុααααិα័ααាαួααឹαα្αូαααួααិα័αα្αាααួααំαេα ។ αα្ααα្ααាំααេះ αើααិαααិαាαααៀααេααាαα្αោααេះ ។
< α្αែαα’α្αα់α ែαα េαα ្αើααាα់α្αាα់αាαα្αាα់ααាα៖
α‘- αោះ (αាα់αោះαααីαី αα្αα់αោααាំ)
α’- α៊ីαោα (αាα់αោαα្αាααៃαាα់αើα្αាααα្αα់)
α£- α៊ីα៉ាα៉េα (αាα់αោαα្αាααៃαាα់α្αាα់αឹααី)
α€- α្ααα (α្ααៀαα’α្αα់αααីαី)
α₯- α ាα់α្αែα (αាα់α’α្αα់αើα្αααើααើααីαំα ាα)
α¦- αោះαោះ (αោះαα្αេα αាα ុαα្αោααំαុα)
ααៀααេαα្αុααα្αាα់αីαួαααាααូα ααៅ
α្αាα់αីαួα αោះ= αួαα’្αααែαα្αូαα‘ើααៅαោះ αេαោះαα្αα់αៅαោααែααាំαាαួα,αាααោះαៅα្αូααោααាំαោះα ើα αោααោះα៏α្αេα α េααីαα្ααៅ αោααោះα៏αៅα្αុααα្ααោααាំ, α ើαα’្αααាំαះαោααោះαោះαα្αα់αែααៀα α៉ាααេះαេα ៅαា ‹α្α’ុα› ។ αើαោះα្αូααោααាαួαα ើα αើαោះαោααួαα្αោα αៅα្αូααើαααែααៀααេα ៅαា ‹α៉ាα› ។ αើα’្αααោះα្αα្αឹα្ααុααិα័ααាំααេះα ើα α្αូαα’្αααាំαៅαោះ α’្αααោះαααាំαិαα្αα ។ αាααាαោះαៅα្αូααោααែααាំαួααាំαα’α់αួα α ើα α’្αααោះα្αូαα ាα់αα្αα្αើα៊ីαោαααៅαៀα ។
α្αាα់αី α’ α៊ីαោα= αាααើαោះα្αូαα’α់α ើααេαααោαααα់αេαែααំαៅαៅ ‹αី› α ើαα’α្αុαα ្αα ោααុαα្αាααα្αα់α្αាααៅαុααα្αិα αααោααាα់αើα្αាααα្αα់αោះ αាα់αោααោααេαៃα¬α α្α’ុααៃ αα្αα់αៅαើααាំαាαួα ។ αើαោαα្αាα់αៅαោះ α្αាα់αិααោααាំαេαα្ααាααាαួαα ំα’ាα α¬αα្αះα ំα’ាααោះ, α’្ααα៊ីαោααេαួαα’្αααាំαា ‹α័αα¬αាα់?› αើα’្αααាំα្αើααា ‹α័α› α’្ααα៊ីαោαα្αូαα៉ាα់αាα ំα’ាααោααααេαៃαាα់αើαើαααα់α្αួαα α្α’ុααៃα័ααោααាំα²្ααួααែα្αα ។ αើα’្αααាំα្αើααា ‹αាα់› α’្ααα៊ីαោααេαើααោαααα់αេαα់αៅαោααាំαោះα²្ααួααែα្αα ។ αូα αេះαោααែαα៊ីαោαα្αាα់αិααេααោះ αេα²្αα្αោះαា ‹α័α-αាα់› ។ αើαោααែαα៊ីαោααៅα ើαα្αាα់α្αាααីαោααាំαាααួαα ំα’ាααោះ α’្ααα៊ីαោαα្αូααុααα្αα់ α ើααααើααោះ αααាα់αើα្αាααα្αα់α្αាα់αα្αα់αៅαោααាំαα្ααៅα្αααៀα αាα់αែα’α់αើαααα់α្αួα ។ αើαោαα៊ីαោααោះαα់αៅα៉ះαូα αាαើαα៊ីαោααៅαុαα្αាα់α្αα់αα្αែααាαួα α ើααើααៅα្αោααα់αៅα៉ះαោααុααោះ αα់αេαα’្αααាα់αេααៅαាα់α្αααៀααោះ α’្αααាំαេα្αូααិα័ααូα ្αេះ αឺαោααុααេα²្αα្αាα់αោαα្ααៀαα្αែαα្αាα αឺα²្αα្αេα α្αែαα្αាα α―αោαα្αោααេα²្αα្αាα់αោαα្αាα់α្αែα αឺα²្αα្αេα α្αែααាំααααាα ។ αូα ្αេះαើααេα²្αα្αោះ αើα α’ αេះαា αោαα្αាα់ αិαα្ααៀααាααα្ααα្ααែααេαិα័α α៊ីαោααូα αាααៀααាα់αααេះα្αូααោααាំαួαα’α់α ើα αេα្αូαα្αើα៊ីα៉ាα៉េαααៅαៀα ។
α្αាα់αី α£ α៊ីα៉ាα៉េα= αួαα’្ααα៊ីαោααោះ αាααាαα្αើα៊ីαោααួα α ើααេαាំα្αា αααោααៅαាα់α្αាα់αឹααី α ើααាα់αោαα្αាααាំαួαα្ααα αα្αα់αៅαααោααាំ αα ូααα់α’α់αើα αាααិα័ααាα α័α αាα់ α្ααៀα α្αាα់ ααៀααូα α៊ីαោααែα αុαα្αាα្αα់α៊ីαោααេα្αើαើα្αាααα្αα់ , α ំαែαα៊ីα៉ាα៉េα αាα់αោαα្αាα់αឹααីαែα៉ុα្αោះ ។ αុះα្αើα៊ីα៉ាα៉េααួα α ើααេα្αើα្αααααៅαៀα ។
α្αាα់αី α€ α្ααα α¬ α្αα‘ααα= α្αោααែαα្αើα៊ីα៉ាα៉េαα្αូαα’α់α ើα αេα ាα់α្αើαα្ααៅαៀα αឺα្ααα ។ α្ααααេះ αឺαេα្ααៀααោα (α្αាα់α’α្αα់) α²្αααៀααូα αααα់ α េαុαេះαាααាαេα ៅαា ‹α្αααα¬α្αα‘ααα› ។ α្ααααាααីααែα,αេαααែααាαួααααេα α៏αាααាααែαេαាα់α្αា α ៅαា α្ααααα់ αិαα្ααααា ។ α្ααααα់,αឺαេα្ααៀααោααៅα ើαα្αូααα់αាααៅαααៃα្αα់α²្ααាα់ αុααោααោះαួα α ើααិαα²្αα ួααេα្αោααα αែαើαα់αិααាα់ αα្αោαα²្ααោααួαα្αៀαα្αួααា α¬αα់αែααែαិααាααααៃα្αα់α²្ααិαα្α’ αើαោααោះαេ αោះαេαុααាα្α’ុααិααាααាα, αួααាαα្αាαα្αូαα‘ើαα្αើα្αα ។ αើαើααោះ αα់αឿααេααៅα ួααេα្αោαα¬αួαα៏αα្αិα αួααោααាំαាαួα α៏αុααាα្α’ុαα្αូααេ ‹α‘ើα› αែα ។ α―α្ααααាαិα αុំαិαាααα់αាαα្αα់αេ αែα្αូααាααិα័ααិαα²្αα ួααេα្αោα αិααα្αិα αោααាំα‘ើα ។ ααៀαα្ααα α៏αូα αា α៊ីαោα α¬ α៊ីα៉ាα៉េααែα αឺα្αើαាααីαំαាα់ αឺα្ααααីαីαៅαα់α្αα់αាα ើα α’ាα αាααៅαាα់αα់α្αាααៃα្αាα់αឹααីαα្αα់αៅαោααាំα្αααៀα α្ααិααាαាααះαួααោααាំα្αααីαα¬ αី, α៉ាα,αីαើαិααួα αោααាំαោះ α្αាα់αែαα្αើα៏α្αូαααួααααិα័ααូα αុαααែα ។
α្αាα់αី α₯ α ាα់α្α ែα= α ាα់α្α ែααាαααៀαα្αែααីαុαα αឺαេαាααួααំα ាααំαិααីαី αួα ααα’α្αα់αាα់αើα្αααើα α ើααាααីααំα ាααៅαុααៀα αើαααាα់α ុααើα α្ααាα់α្αាα់α’α្αα់αៅα²្αα្αូααោααាំ ។ αាααាαិαα្αូαα៏α្α’ុααោααោះαោះ α ោααៅ αាααាα្αូαα’ាα αααោαααែααោះααα្αើαាααាα្αីαាαα្αααៀα ។ α្ααិααាαាα់αោαα្αααើα α ើααាααុំαាα់αα់αោααាំα្αាα់αែα្αុះαោααៅ αោះαេαុααាαាα់ααៀαα’α្αាα αឺαេα²្ααααៅα្αើα្αααៀααែα²្αα’្αααោះ αើααα‘ើααើαៀαα’α្αាα αិαα²្ααើααៅαោααាំαេ αឺαា α្αើα្ααុαααាαα្αាα ។ α ាα់α្α ែα α₯αα្αើαីαំαាα់αើαាααៅα្αាα់αាααៅαិααោα αាំαូα α្ααα α៊ីαោα-α៊ីα៉ាα៉េααេ αេα្αើααα្αូααីαីαែα្αα ។ αាααើαាααះ ,αាα,αα់ αេαិα័ααូα α្αើα’្αីααីαុααααែα ។
α្αាα់αី α¦ αោះαោះ = αោះαោះα៏αូα αាαោះαីαំαូααែα αិα័αα្αα់αែαα្αα់α៉ាααូα α្αាαាំαα’α់αុα្ααាα ។ αិααៅαោះαួααេះ α ាα់αូα αាα្αាα់αែαាαិα្αាαាααួααα្αាα់αα់α ាំαួααាααឺααាα α²្ααាαα±αាααេααាααែα៉ុα្αោះ ។ αាααាα ៅαា αោះαោះα្αោះαα្αាα់αែαីαោះαេះαៅ α្αូααាααោះα ើα (α្αាα់αែαα់α ាំα²្ααេαាαα៉ុα្αាαα្αាα αែααាααα្αα់αែα៉ុα្αោះ) ។
ααៀααោះ αឺαេααα’α្αα់αួαα្αាα់αៅαα់α្αាααα្αα់ α ើαααα’α្αα់αួααៀααាααួααីαើ αាα់α ំαួααាααែααេα្αូααួα ។ α្αើαែααេះα ៅαា ‹αោះαាαα្ααាα់› ។ αួααែααៀαα ៅαា ‹αោះαាαα្αៅ› ααៀααេះαេα្αុំα’α្αα់αីααα្αួαα្αា αឺαួαα្αេα αួααα្αα α ើααោះα្αាំαααៅαើα្αាααα្αα់αួααα‘ើαα្αα ααាα ់ αំαាំαែα’α់α ំαួα α£α -α€α αឹααែα ើαα្αាααα្αα់αែα្αα αួααាα αេαααំαα់α«α្αីαααោαα្αាααα្αα់α្αើαាαោះαំαួαα្αាα់α’α្αα់α៏αាα ។
α―α្αោះαិα័ααែαα្αើα្αុαα្αែαα’α្αα់αេះαាα α© αែα៖
α‘- α្α’ុα (αឺα្αើαុααុααោααេះ αាα’ាαាααα់)
α’- αាα (α្αូαα្ααα ើα α្αូαααែαα្αααៀα)
α£- αះ (αោααោះαួα α្αូααោααាំα្αααីα)
α€- αីαើ (αោααោះαα់α៉ះαោααាំα²្ααα្αើαិααួα)
α₯- α្ααៀα -α្αាα់ (α្αោះαើααោះαα្αិα α្αា)
α¦- α័α-αាα់ (αោααោះαិααោααាំαេα)
α§- αាα់ααៀαα’α្αាα (α ាα់α្αាαα្αាα់αើααα្αាααី)
α¨- αα់αះ (αោααាំα្αេα α េα αោααោះαៅα្αុααα្ααាំ)
α©- α ួααេαំαូα (αα្αាα់α្ααααុំα²្αα ួααេα្αោα)
ααិα័ααើαំα ុααាំαα’α់αេះαិααាαាαα្αα់αិαាαα៉ុα្αាααេ αាααំα ុαα្αះαេα្αាα់αែ ‹α‘ើα› αឺαេαុαα្αាααេះαាα’ាαាαα់ α្αូαα្αេαα²្ααួαα្αាααៀαα‘ើααៅα្αើα្αααូα α៉ាα α៉ាα αះ αα់αះ αាαើα α៉ុα្αែαោះαាα្αូα ‹α‘ើα› α្αី α៏αើαα្αោααេα’αុα្αាαα²្ααួααេះ αុααាα្αើα្αូααាំαα’α់αេះαែα ។ α―αααិα័αα្αេααៀαα៏α្αាα់αែαាα់αα្ααα្α α²្ααំαាαα្αុααាαα្αើαែα៉ុα្αោះ αុំαាα់α ាα់αុαα²្ααោααោះα្α’ុαα្αាαααេ ។ αូα ្αេះαααិα័αα្αាα់αែα²្ααាααα្αាααាααូααα្αិα α៉ុα្αោះα―α ។ααិα័ααើαំα ុααាំαα’α់αេះαិααាαាαα្αα់αិαាαα៉ុα្αាααេ αាααំα ុαα្αះαេα្αាα់αែ ‹α‘ើα› αឺαេαុαα្αាααេះαាα’ាαាαα់ α្αូαα្αេαα²្ααួαα្αាααៀαα‘ើααៅα្αើα្αααូα α៉ាα α៉ាα αះ αα់αះ αាαើα α៉ុα្αែαោះαាα្αូα ‹α‘ើα› α្αី α៏αើαα្αោααេα’αុα្αាαα²្ααួααេះ αុααាα្αើα្αូααាំαα’α់αេះαែα ។ α―αααិα័αα្αេααៀαα៏α្αាα់αែαាα់αα្ααα្α α²្ααំαាαα្αុααាαα្αើαែα៉ុα្αោះ αុំαាα់α ាα់αុαα²្ααោααោះα្α’ុαα្αាαααេ ។ αូα ្αេះαααិα័αα្αាα់αែα²្ααាααα្αាααាααូααα្αិα α៉ុα្αោះα―α ។
αេα α្αីαα្αាα់:
α្αាα់α’α្αα់αូα α្αាαេះ αេα’ាα αααៅαេααាα្αែααួααៀαα ៅαា ‹αេααេα› ។ αឺαា αេαααោααាំα្αាំαែα αាំαα្α ែαាαួααួα α ើααាααូααីαួα αាαα្αែααα្αα αាα់αោααោះ α₯ αែα αែαាα់α្αាα់αិααី αេαααើααៀααឺαើαα្αេαααα្αៀα αូααៅαុα,αើαα្αាំααααα្αោαα ុα αែαα²្ααាα់αៅαឹααី α ើαα ុαα្αាαα្αើαα៉ាαα្αាំα α²្ααោααα់αៅα្αូααោααាំα្αααួαα αាα់αែα’α់ αើαោααាαិααាαα្αូααោααាំαេ αេαុααាα្α’ុα αែαើαាαα្αូααេα²្αα្αα‘α់αααααេα (α្αើαα ុαα្αាααើα) αាαα្αααៀα ។ αួααាααាα្αើα្αូαα’α់αុα α្αោះαា α្αះ α’ាα αួαα’្ααα ាα់αាα ។
ααៀααេαα្αាα់α’α្αα់αួαα៉ាααៀααេα ៅαា ‹αាα់αα› αឺαាαα’្αααេααីααួα ។ αួαα្αាαααាααោα α‘α αៀαα្αួααឺαα្αាα់αាំ α₯ αាα់ α₯ ។ αេαាំαួααα្αៀαα្αាα្αាαα្αាα់ α ើα αααោααាα់ αាα់αៅαាααួααααα្αα្ααα្αាα់ αាααាαាα់αំαំααα់αួαα្αាααេα’α់αុαα្αោះαា α្αះ αាααោះαេ α―αាα់αោះ αឺαααα់α្αាααα្αα់α្αាααាα់α ោααើα្αាααα្αα់αាα់αឹαα្αាααៃ αα្αα់αៅαោααាំαែα្αα ។
< α្αែαα’α្αα់α’ាα α៉ាα់α ូαα្αុααួααីα‘ា α ាα់αៃα²្αα្αα់ α ាα់α្αែαα²្ααៃ α ាα់α្αាααីα²្ααូα ៕
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្α
ុα្αα្α ។ α្ααាαααα្αα្αែαα្αα់αα្αα្αាα αែααែα្αាα្αាαααα្ααាαីα្αុααេះα៉ាαα ោα
αាα់ α²្ααាαα្ααα្αុααួααីαិααែα α៉ុα្αែα្ααα្αិαឿααែααាα់αααិαα្αះαាααាαីαេះ αិααាαααាαα‘ើααៅαα័ααា α ើααααាαាα’្αααាααα់αោះ αិααាααααាαាααឹααិαα្αាαααៅα‘ើααេ ។ α’្αααុαាααិα្αាαិαα’្ααα្αាαα្αាαα្ααα្αិαាα្α្αα្αែαα៏α្αីα្αាα αាαα²្ααឹααូαα្ααα្αិαឿα αៃαាαααើααីα្αុαα៏α
ំαាα់αេះαូα
ααៅ :
αំα’ាααៅαើα្αះαាααα្αាααាα្αែα αីα្αុαα្αំαេααើααα្αα្αៃαេះ α្αូααាαα្αាααាα‘ើααៅαាα់αα្αាααααα្αα៍αីα‘α₯ αៃα្αិα្ααααាα αោααឺ αាαα្ααα្αិαាα្α្αα្αាα់ααα់α្αួααិα α₯ αααα្αα៍ ααα ើα ។ αីα―α’្αααាααα់ αឺα្αះαាαααាα៉ាα ។ α៏α៉ុα្αែα្αីα្αិααែα្αូααាαα្αាααាα‘ើα αៅαααα្αα៍αីα‘α₯ αៃα្αិα្ααααាααែα α្αាαα្αាααៃαាααាα់αាα់αំαα់α្αំαេα α¬αុំαិααីαាំααα្αα្αៃαេះ α្αូααាαα្αើα‘ើαα៉ាαα ោα
αាα់α៏ α‘α α α α្αាំαុαα្αឹα្ααααាααែα αោααុα្ααុααα្αែααើα αៅαំαាα់αោះα្αិαα្αុααុααោα αាαុ ។ αាααααើααូαα§αααα៍α្αើα្αាα់αូα
αា αូαៅα្αើα’ំαីα្ααំαីα (α
ុααុααំαឹα្αិ) α
α្α្αα់αំαីαិααααៃαααើααំαឹα្αិ αៅαេα្ααα្αាααាαα្αីαាαα្αាα់ ។
αួααំαឹαα‘ើααិααា αាαα័αα្ααα្αិαាα្α្α αំαα់αាααាαីα្αំαេααេះ α៏αាααំαាα់αំααα្αែααα្ααα៌ ααោαាααិααេα្ααិα ្α αាαួααααេααែα α៏α៉ុα្αែ α៏α្αα ែααាαុំαែαα្αα់ααែα្αααេ αូα α្αែααៅαα្αុαាα្αោαα¬α្αែααα់αៅαាαα្αេα αៃαូαααុα្ααៀααα្αα្αៃ ។ α្ααាααα្αែααើααែααα់αៅαាααៃα្αះαាααាαីαេះ αាαααួααូααα្ααα៌α្αិα្ααែααាαα ូαα ូααីααុα្α α្αាαα ូαα៉ាαα្αៅα្αុαα្αៃαៃαែααីα្αែα ... ។
αាααα្αិα្αាααេះαំα’ាααៅαើαាα់α៉ូα៉ាំααួα αែααេαាααααើααៅαិαα’ាαាααាαα្αាααោαិα ិααុα αិαα’α្αែαα្αα‘α្αាំαα្α’ααាα ្αើααα្αឹααα្αាα់ αៅαូαិα្αែααាαាំ αិαα្αាαα្αោαα α្αា αិαα ុααα័ααុαេα្ααα្αិαាα្α្α αិααើααα័αα្ααα្αិαាα្α្α ។ αេះα₯ααិαាααα់αំαα់α្αាαាααាαααα្αα៍αីα§ αៃα្αិα្ααααាααα αែαα្αិαα្αុααα αាα័α្αα្αៃα្αេα αៅαើα្αំα្αះαាαα្αα្αα¬αើα្αំα្ααិα្αិ α¬α៏α្αាαាαα’α្αα αោαិαោα α្αុααα្αα§α្αាαោα αែααាαα្αែααα្α ុះαោαα្ααុំα ិα្α ើαααα់α្αះα’α្ααិαα្αេααាំααីαα័ααុαាααាα ។ α្αះα’α្ααិαα្αេα αាααិαα្ααីα្ααេαα₯α្αា (αα់α ្αាα) αααាα់αα្αុαាαើα្αីα្αα្αα្αាααα្αិα្αះαុα្ααាααា α ើαα្αះαិα្αុαα្αα្αែααាαααα្αះα§α្αាαោαααα់α្αះα’α្ααααα្α ុះα្αុαα្αះα េα្αីαួα αែαα្αិααៅα្αែααាααិα αៃα្αះαិα ាα α្αα ែααាα្αិααៅα ំαα្αាααៃα េα្αីαាំαα₯ ។
αាααាαីα្αំαេα αាαα្αូαα្αាααាα‘ើααោαα្αះαាαααាα៉ាα αាα្αេα α្αោααα័αα’α្αα ។ α្αេα α’α្ααេះαាαα្αាα់α្αះαាααាαីα្αែααីαំαα់αៀααាαα’α្αα αααាα់αំαα់α្αំαេααើααេះ ។ αុα្αα េαុαα្αាααααីα្αះα’α្αα្αាα្αាα α់αេα αុα αីαាααាαα្αα់αិααα់αααីαំαាα់ααα័ααៀαα្αាααាα ។
α្αុααិα្ααាαα៏αូαα α់αេះ αាααាα្αះα’α្ααាαα ាαα េααីαំαα់αα្αេαាα αែααាα្ααααៃαα្αααាααាαα័αα’α្αα αែααាαα្αុαα្αីαិαα្αូααាαα័ααោះ ។ αាααα្αៀααួααាαα្αើα‘ើααាαីααំαាα់ αα្αាα់αីα្αីαα្ααααα αុαុα ។
α្αះα’α្ααាααាααα់α្αះαាααាំααួααៅαាααាα αែαα្αិααៅαិαα្αាαα៉ុα្αាααីαាα α្αាα α្αេα α៏α៉ុα្αែαោααាααំαα់αេះ αាαំαα់αឹααិα α្αះα’α្ααα្αាα²្ααេα្αាα់αីαាំαα្αាα αើα្αីαៅαាំαα្αះαាααាំααួαα្αីαៀα αៅα―αុααα្αេα αុαុααើααេះ ααាαα្αាំα‘α€α α αិαα‘α€α₯α αៃα្αិα្ααααាα ។
α ំαោះαាαααិα ្αេααាααើαេះ α្αីα្αិαα្αះαាααα្αាααាαα្αែα αាαα េαααិαុαα្αែαααីα្αាα៏αោα α៏α៉ុα្αែαាααើαុះαូαα្αះααααាααាំαα ាα់ α ើααាααាααα់α‘ើααិα αាαិαេααាαα្αាα់α្αូααីαាំααីαំαα់αួααៅαំαα់αួααៀα α្αូαα្αើαេαα៉ាααូα ។ α្α៉ាααិααៀααាαα័ααោះ αេα្αើαα្αាំαααុα្ααិααα្ααូα αា αោ α្ααី αិααំαីαα្αាα់αឹααα្αូα ។ αេះαិααិααα់αាαα្αើααើααីαាំα α¬α៏αិαីαាαα្αេαα αែααាα់α័α្ααឹααូαិαាα្α្ααα ។
αាααឿααំαាααួα αែαα្αីαាααេ α ើααាααα្ααៈαាα្ααα្αិαាα្α្ααាααេαឺ : αាααូαα្αាα់α្αោះαេα αាα់αាααាααα់α្αះααα់αាα់ αៅαិααាα់α ្αាំααៃαα្αេαេαα្α αៅαើαួααួα ។
αូααα្αាα់αា αាααα់αៅα¬αាααα់α្αះαα្αែα αα្αα’ាαាαα¬αូααីαα្αាααាαា αៅαើαួαα¬αីαោα αាα្ααៃαីααα់α្αែααើα α្αោះα្αុααើααα្αូααៅαោααឹααៅααូααα្αា ។
α្ααααα់αាα់α្αិααៅαាααើααៃα្ααα’្αααាαួα ។ α្αៃαួααាααឹααំαα់αំα្αើα²្ααិα αα់αុំαិααួααោះαាំαα’α់ ។ αូααេαα៏α ុះαីα្αះααα់αាα់ αែααα់α្αα់αីαី α ើαα៏αាααើααាααើαααីαំαួα αែααាαααាα់αាαα្αែαឹα α ើαααα៉ះαាα់αឹααាα់α ្αាំα ។ αូααេαα’ααាα់αោααិααា α’ααឹααាααើα្αើα ើα α៏α្αីα្αាαើααααាαិαោααិααាα αើα្αីα’ូααើαេះ ។ α្αុαααៈαោះα្αាα់αែαើαα្αះααិαាαុαាαα ំαួαα₯α’α្α α្αើα’ំαីαំαឹα្αិαិαα្α ។ αេααូααំαឹα្αិαាααើαេះ αាαូαα្αះααាαα៍ α្αα់αα α ើααៅαៃαាααាα់α§αααα៍αិαα’ាαុαα្αេαα αូα αា αំαα, α្ααα័α្α ។ αីα―α្αះαេααិααាαα្αួααα់ ។
αូααេααα្αាαα ិα្ααាαα់αេα α៏α្ααែαα្ααូαα’្ααα្αុααិαα្αាαα្αើαុα្α ។ αាα់αាααាααα់αោααួααៅαុαα្ααααα់αាα់ αើα្αីαាα់αα្αុα័α្αិαិα្αិαាំαα’α់αោះ ។ αα្αាα់αααៀα αាα់α៏αាαα្αើα’្ααα្αុααូαិα²្ααួααូααី αៅαុαα្αះαាα់α²្αα្αα់αូα αូαα្αំ αើα្αីαុααាαីαោαααα្αាαៈαូαា ។
αោααាααិαα’្ααα្αុα α៏αាαα’ាααើαααីαោះ αើα្αីαααៅαាααα់α្αះαិα ាα ។ α្αោααីαាααាααα់α្αះαិα ាαα្αα់α្αូααួα αោααាαα៏αាααិαα្αα្αះαα្ααាα ្αើαα’α្α αើα្αីα្αើαិαីα’αិαេαα្αះαិααេααូα αោααាα់αα្αα់α្αុαα្αះαិα ាααោះαៅ ។ α្αោααីαូα្ααα្ααួα α្αះαα្αα៏αាααα្αេα α្αះα័ααα់αៅαីαោះ αោααាααα់αុαិαៅαាααិα αα្ααោះ ។ αូα ្αេះα ើα αាααាα ាα់αុំα ៅαα្ααាααើαេះαា αα្αα្αំαូααេα α ើαα្αោααααៀα α៏αាαα្αាααៅαាαα្αα្αំαα ូααα់αα្αα្αៃαៅ ។
α្αះαុα្αα’α្ααាំαα€ α្αααាំαα្αះααាαα៍ αែααេαាំαα្αោះαា α’្αααាα្αះα ៅ ααែααែα្αα់α ំαោះα្αះαាααααα្αែα αូααិαីαα្αααិααិαុααាαα្αα់α្ααាα ។
αៅαិααីαាំααα្αα្αំαូααេααាααើαេះα ើα αែαα្αះαាαាα្αែαααាα៉ាα α្αះα’α្ααាαα្αាααាα្αះαាααាαីααα់α្αះα’α្α ។
αួααេα α្αីαα α្αាαα្αាααα្ααα៌α្αែαα្αα់αុααα័α αាαα្αូααេαួαα្ααះαៅαើαីαាំαα្αិααិαα្αាα αៃαីα្αុαα្αំαេααα ្α ុα្αα្α αីαα័ααុαេα្ααα្αិαាα្α្α αα ូααα់αα្αα្αៃαេះαα្αាα់α²្ααើααា αីαាំααាααាαីα្αំαេααα្αα្αៃαេះ αាααα្ααៈα្ααααោαα’ំαោααααូαិαាα្α្α αោααាααα្αេα€αុααាααៃαាαα្αុααិα័ααេα្ααិα ្α α ើαα៏αាαូαα េαុαៃαាααីααុះαាααៃαូαិαាααេះ ។ αូααំαឹααា α្αះα េα្αីαែααំαាααេαៅαើαα្αα្αំαα្αα្αៃαេះ αឺαាα្αះα េα្αីαα្α ុះα្αះα’α្αិαាαុααα់α្αះαាαααាα៉ាα ៕
αួααំαឹαα‘ើααិααា αាαα័αα្ααα្αិαាα្α្α αំαα់αាααាαីα្αំαេααេះ α៏αាααំαាα់αំααα្αែααα្ααα៌ ααោαាααិααេα្ααិα ្α αាαួααααេααែα α៏α៉ុα្αែ α៏α្αα ែααាαុំαែαα្αα់ααែα្αααេ αូα α្αែααៅαα្αុαាα្αោαα¬α្αែααα់αៅαាαα្αេα αៃαូαααុα្ααៀααα្αα្αៃ ។ α្ααាααα្αែααើααែααα់αៅαាααៃα្αះαាααាαីαេះ αាαααួααូααα្ααα៌α្αិα្ααែααាαα ូαα ូααីααុα្α α្αាαα ូαα៉ាαα្αៅα្αុαα្αៃαៃαែααីα្αែα ... ។
αាααα្αិα្αាααេះαំα’ាααៅαើαាα់α៉ូα៉ាំααួα αែααេαាααααើααៅαិαα’ាαាααាαα្αាααោαិα ិααុα αិαα’α្αែαα្αα‘α្αាំαα្α’ααាα ្αើααα្αឹααα្αាα់ αៅαូαិα្αែααាαាំ αិαα្αាαα្αោαα α្αា αិαα ុααα័ααុαេα្ααα្αិαាα្α្α αិααើααα័αα្ααα្αិαាα្α្α ។ αេះα₯ααិαាααα់αំαα់α្αាαាααាαααα្αα៍αីα§ αៃα្αិα្ααααាααα αែαα្αិαα្αុααα αាα័α្αα្αៃα្αេα αៅαើα្αំα្αះαាαα្αα្αα¬αើα្αំα្ααិα្αិ α¬α៏α្αាαាαα’α្αα αោαិαោα α្αុααα្αα§α្αាαោα αែααាαα្αែααα្α ុះαោαα្ααុំα ិα្α ើαααα់α្αះα’α្ααិαα្αេααាំααីαα័ααុαាααាα ។ α្αះα’α្ααិαα្αេα αាααិαα្ααីα្ααេαα₯α្αា (αα់α ្αាα) αααាα់αα្αុαាαើα្αីα្αα្αα្αាααα្αិα្αះαុα្ααាααា α ើαα្αះαិα្αុαα្αα្αែααាαααα្αះα§α្αាαោαααα់α្αះα’α្ααααα្α ុះα្αុαα្αះα េα្αីαួα αែαα្αិααៅα្αែααាααិα αៃα្αះαិα ាα α្αα ែααាα្αិααៅα ំαα្αាααៃα េα្αីαាំαα₯ ។
αាααាαីα្αំαេα αាαα្αូαα្αាααាα‘ើααោαα្αះαាαααាα៉ាα αាα្αេα α្αោααα័αα’α្αα ។ α្αេα α’α្ααេះαាαα្αាα់α្αះαាααាαីα្αែααីαំαα់αៀααាαα’α្αα αααាα់αំαα់α្αំαេααើααេះ ។ αុα្αα េαុαα្αាααααីα្αះα’α្αα្αាα្αាα α់αេα αុα αីαាααាαα្αα់αិααα់αααីαំαាα់ααα័ααៀαα្αាααាα ។
α្αុααិα្ααាαα៏αូαα α់αេះ αាααាα្αះα’α្ααាαα ាαα េααីαំαα់αα្αេαាα αែααាα្ααααៃαα្αααាααាαα័αα’α្αα αែααាαα្αុαα្αីαិαα្αូααាαα័ααោះ ។ αាααα្αៀααួααាαα្αើα‘ើααាαីααំαាα់ αα្αាα់αីα្αីαα្ααααα αុαុα ។
α្αះα’α្ααាααាααα់α្αះαាααាំααួααៅαាααាα αែαα្αិααៅαិαα្αាαα៉ុα្αាααីαាα α្αាα α្αេα α៏α៉ុα្αែαោααាααំαα់αេះ αាαំαα់αឹααិα α្αះα’α្ααα្αាα²្ααេα្αាα់αីαាំαα្αាα αើα្αីαៅαាំαα្αះαាααាំααួαα្αីαៀα αៅα―αុααα្αេα αុαុααើααេះ ααាαα្αាំα‘α€α α αិαα‘α€α₯α αៃα្αិα្ααααាα ។
α ំαោះαាαααិα ្αេααាααើαេះ α្αីα្αិαα្αះαាααα្αាααាαα្αែα αាαα េαααិαុαα្αែαααីα្αាα៏αោα α៏α៉ុα្αែαាααើαុះαូαα្αះααααាααាំαα ាα់ α ើααាααាααα់α‘ើααិα αាαិαេααាαα្αាα់α្αូααីαាំααីαំαα់αួααៅαំαα់αួααៀα α្αូαα្αើαេαα៉ាααូα ។ α្α៉ាααិααៀααាαα័ααោះ αេα្αើαα្αាំαααុα្ααិααα្ααូα αា αោ α្ααី αិααំαីαα្αាα់αឹααα្αូα ។ αេះαិααិααα់αាαα្αើααើααីαាំα α¬α៏αិαីαាαα្αេαα αែααាα់α័α្ααឹααូαិαាα្α្ααα ។
αាααឿααំαាααួα αែαα្αីαាααេ α ើααាααα្ααៈαាα្ααα្αិαាα្α្ααាααេαឺ : αាααូαα្αាα់α្αោះαេα αាα់αាααាααα់α្αះααα់αាα់ αៅαិααាα់α ្αាំααៃαα្αេαេαα្α αៅαើαួααួα ។
αូααα្αាα់αា αាααα់αៅα¬αាααα់α្αះαα្αែα αα្αα’ាαាαα¬αូααីαα្αាααាαា αៅαើαួαα¬αីαោα αាα្ααៃαីααα់α្αែααើα α្αោះα្αុααើααα្αូααៅαោααឹααៅααូααα្αា ។
α្ααααα់αាα់α្αិααៅαាααើααៃα្ααα’្αααាαួα ។ α្αៃαួααាααឹααំαα់αំα្αើα²្ααិα αα់αុំαិααួααោះαាំαα’α់ ។ αូααេαα៏α ុះαីα្αះααα់αាα់ αែααα់α្αα់αីαី α ើαα៏αាααើααាααើαααីαំαួα αែααាαααាα់αាαα្αែαឹα α ើαααα៉ះαាα់αឹααាα់α ្αាំα ។ αូααេαα’ααាα់αោααិααា α’ααឹααាααើα្αើα ើα α៏α្αីα្αាαើααααាαិαោααិααាα αើα្αីα’ូααើαេះ ។ α្αុαααៈαោះα្αាα់αែαើαα្αះααិαាαុαាαα ំαួαα₯α’α្α α្αើα’ំαីαំαឹα្αិαិαα្α ។ αេααូααំαឹα្αិαាααើαេះ αាαូαα្αះααាαα៍ α្αα់αα α ើααៅαៃαាααាα់α§αααα៍αិαα’ាαុαα្αេαα αូα αា αំαα, α្ααα័α្α ។ αីα―α្αះαេααិααាαα្αួααα់ ។
αូααេααα្αាαα ិα្ααាαα់αេα α៏α្ααែαα្ααូαα’្ααα្αុααិαα្αាαα្αើαុα្α ។ αាα់αាααាααα់αោααួααៅαុαα្ααααα់αាα់ αើα្αីαាα់αα្αុα័α្αិαិα្αិαាំαα’α់αោះ ។ αα្αាα់αααៀα αាα់α៏αាαα្αើα’្ααα្αុααូαិα²្ααួααូααី αៅαុαα្αះαាα់α²្αα្αα់αូα αូαα្αំ αើα្αីαុααាαីαោαααα្αាαៈαូαា ។
αោααាααិαα’្ααα្αុα α៏αាαα’ាααើαααីαោះ αើα្αីαααៅαាααα់α្αះαិα ាα ។ α្αោααីαាααាααα់α្αះαិα ាαα្αα់α្αូααួα αោααាαα៏αាααិαα្αα្αះαα្ααាα ្αើαα’α្α αើα្αីα្αើαិαីα’αិαេαα្αះαិααេααូα αោααាα់αα្αα់α្αុαα្αះαិα ាααោះαៅ ។ α្αោααីαូα្ααα្ααួα α្αះαα្αα៏αាααα្αេα α្αះα័ααα់αៅαីαោះ αោααាααα់αុαិαៅαាααិα αα្ααោះ ។ αូα ្αេះα ើα αាααាα ាα់αុំα ៅαα្ααាααើαេះαា αα្αα្αំαូααេα α ើαα្αោααααៀα α៏αាαα្αាααៅαាαα្αα្αំαα ូααα់αα្αα្αៃαៅ ។
α្αះαុα្αα’α្ααាំαα€ α្αααាំαα្αះααាαα៍ αែααេαាំαα្αោះαា α’្αααាα្αះα ៅ ααែααែα្αα់α ំαោះα្αះαាααααα្αែα αូααិαីαα្αααិααិαុααាαα្αα់α្ααាα ។
αៅαិααីαាំααα្αα្αំαូααេααាααើαេះα ើα αែαα្αះαាαាα្αែαααាα៉ាα α្αះα’α្ααាαα្αាααាα្αះαាααាαីααα់α្αះα’α្α ។
αួααេα α្αីαα α្αាαα្αាααα្ααα៌α្αែαα្αα់αុααα័α αាαα្αូααេαួαα្ααះαៅαើαីαាំαα្αិααិαα្αាα αៃαីα្αុαα្αំαេααα ្α ុα្αα្α αីαα័ααុαេα្ααα្αិαាα្α្α αα ូααα់αα្αα្αៃαេះαα្αាα់α²្ααើααា αីαាំααាααាαីα្αំαេααα្αα្αៃαេះ αាααα្ααៈα្ααααោαα’ំαោααααូαិαាα្α្α αោααាααα្αេα€αុααាααៃαាαα្αុααិα័ααេα្ααិα ្α α ើαα៏αាαូαα េαុαៃαាααីααុះαាααៃαូαិαាααេះ ។ αូααំαឹααា α្αះα េα្αីαែααំαាααេαៅαើαα្αα្αំαα្αα្αៃαេះ αឺαាα្αះα េα្αីαα្α ុះα្αះα’α្αិαាαុααα់α្αះαាαααាα៉ាα ៕
Friday, March 25, 2016
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Stung Treng is a northern province of Cambodia. It was formerly called Xieng Teng and was once a part of the vast Khmer Empire, then the Lao kingdom of Lan Xang and later the Lao kingdom of Champassack. During the period of French Indochina it was again ceded to Cambodia.
The provincial capital is also named Stung Treng and is an important
trade hub with a few hints of Lao influence scattered about, owing to
the fact that the Lao border is about 50 km away. It's a friendly, quiet
country town situated on the confluence of the San River and the Mekong
River. It actually sits on the banks of the San River, with the mighty
Mekong coming into the picture on the northeastern outskirts of he town.
The San River goes by three names, depending on which of the locals you speak to. Some call it the Kong River because the San and Kong Rivers merge together about 10 km northeast of Stung Treng town, confusing people about which name the river should bear. Others call it the Sekong River, which is the combined name of these two rivers. Whatever name the fiver beside the town goes by, it's another one of Cambodia's beautiful picture-postcard river towns. It's a nice place to kick back and chill out if you are on a circuit tour of the Northeast River Scene, from here to Laos.
The San River is fronted in Stung Treng by a nice stretch of paved road. It's the centre of socializing (as in most Cambodian river towns) in the late afternoon and early evening hours as the locals ride up and down the stretch enjoying the view and each other. Drink and dessert stands spring up earlier to serve the daily merrymaking crowd. It's a nice spot for a walk or jog any time of the day as the river road turns into a pleasant rural road that leads to the airport 4 km north of town.
The river port area just in front of the small city park is fairly busy, handling trade between Cambodia and Laos. The ferry across the San River to where National Highway No 7 continues north to the Laos border is also at this pier. The fare is 300 riel per head. We went for a ride on this stretch (2,000 riel for taking a big bike on the ferry), but there is not much to see along the way besides light jungle and some remnants next to the road that was a target of carpet bombing during the Vietnam War years (the road was recently overhauled and is now one of the best in the country). The road works its way eastward so it does not afford views of the Mekong River as one would hope. The few residents we saw along the way were truly amazed to see the likes of us, who would want to be there.
The San River goes by three names, depending on which of the locals you speak to. Some call it the Kong River because the San and Kong Rivers merge together about 10 km northeast of Stung Treng town, confusing people about which name the river should bear. Others call it the Sekong River, which is the combined name of these two rivers. Whatever name the fiver beside the town goes by, it's another one of Cambodia's beautiful picture-postcard river towns. It's a nice place to kick back and chill out if you are on a circuit tour of the Northeast River Scene, from here to Laos.
The San River is fronted in Stung Treng by a nice stretch of paved road. It's the centre of socializing (as in most Cambodian river towns) in the late afternoon and early evening hours as the locals ride up and down the stretch enjoying the view and each other. Drink and dessert stands spring up earlier to serve the daily merrymaking crowd. It's a nice spot for a walk or jog any time of the day as the river road turns into a pleasant rural road that leads to the airport 4 km north of town.
The river port area just in front of the small city park is fairly busy, handling trade between Cambodia and Laos. The ferry across the San River to where National Highway No 7 continues north to the Laos border is also at this pier. The fare is 300 riel per head. We went for a ride on this stretch (2,000 riel for taking a big bike on the ferry), but there is not much to see along the way besides light jungle and some remnants next to the road that was a target of carpet bombing during the Vietnam War years (the road was recently overhauled and is now one of the best in the country). The road works its way eastward so it does not afford views of the Mekong River as one would hope. The few residents we saw along the way were truly amazed to see the likes of us, who would want to be there.
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